For a good explanation of the nature and history of these sight words lists, see Comparing the Dolch and Fry High Frequency Word Lists by Readsters. They should merely be taught phonetically along with other words.īoth the Fry and Dolch sight word lists are based on whole word methods and are high frequency words. Sight words should not be taught at all in a pure phonics program that teaches by sound. Of these 12 Fry sight words, 9 are completely phonetic and the other 3 have simple exceptions. The Fry 100 sight words or "instant words" are also commonly taught, and all but 12 of them are contained on the Dolch list. For the other 70 words, 68 conform to simple patterns of exceptions and can be taught phonetically. Of the 220 most commonly taught Dolch sight words, 150 are completely phonetic and can be easily learned by sound. However, many of the newer phonics programs also use an alarming number of sight words. This can cause problems for many students. Champain, IL: The Garrard Press.Whole word methods teach every word as a sight word, one word at a time, without teaching students the sounds in these words. Game cards are separated by difficulty level so children of various reading levels can play together. Both parents and professional educators are encouraged to find creative ways to help children instantly recognize sight words.Įrudition™, the sight words game, is an excellent tool to help parents and teachers instill the Dolch list (and a few other sight words) in early readers. This noun list should NOT be treated like his sight word list unless a child was struggling with reading. Many of the Dolch list words cannot be sounded out phonetically, nor can they be illustrated to add a visual cue to the learning process.ĭolch intentionally excluded nouns from his sight words list and provided a separate list of 95 nouns. Dolch’s sight words represent approximately half of printed material and he encouraged every child to learn to recognize these words instantly. 46 adjectives – used to modify nouns, andĭolch referred to the above words as “tool” or “service” words because they are used in all writing regardless of subject matter.26 pronouns – used to represent person or things,.16 prepositions – used to introduce phrases,.Dolch Sight WordsĪfter careful analysis, he selected 220 sight words which were categorize according to parts of speech. He presented them according to level of difficulty, alphabetical and function or parts of speech. The end result was a list of 220 words commonly referred to as sight words. In addition, he exercised professional judgment and included 27 words which were on only two of the three lists. Howell in the article A First-Grade Vocabulary Study which contained 453 words most frequently found in reading material in first grade(Elementary School Journal, XXXI, September, 1930).Īfter comparing the three lists, he excluded nouns and selected the most common words based on frequency. Dolch used Gates’ first 500 hundred words (New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1926). A list published in A Reading Vocabulary for the Primary Grades by Arthur I.A list published by a committee in an international kindergarten union that contains the words children recognize prior to entering first grade (Washington, International Kindergarten Union, 1928).He concluded that the most essential words will be repeated on the “best” lists of words used by children. Dolch identified a need for a sight word list as opposed to a standard word list which typically contains over five hundred words. published a book called Problems in Reading which devoted an entire chapter on sight words.
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